Dopravní konflikty jako ukazatel bezpečnosti - současný stav a vývoj

Traffic conflicts observed and recorded on the road represent a source of information for the most prevalent surrogate road safety indicators. In spite of the questions concerning their reliability and validity, this method stays on the threshold of further progress. Thanks to easier availability of more advanced information technologies and progress in stored data analysis methodology.Dopravní konflikty zaznamenané ve skutečných provozních podmínkách jsou informačním zdrojem nejrozšířenějších nepřímých ukazatelů bezpečnosti silniční dopravy. Přes otázky spojené s jejich reliabilitou a validitou však tato metoda stojí na prahu dalšího rozvoje. Díky dostupnějším vyspělým informačním technologiím a pokroku v metodice hodnocení získaných dat

non covalent interactions in anisole co2 n n 1 2 complexes

Non-covalent interactions are a ubiquitous binding motif and a challenge for theory and experiments

A neuroscientific evaluation of driver rehabilitation:Functional neuroimaging demonstrates the effectiveness of empathy induction in altering brain responses during social information processing

An alarming number of traffic-related deaths occur each year on European roads alone. Figures reveal that the vast majority of road-traffic accidents are caused by drivers themselves, and so further improvements in road safety require developments in driver training and rehabilitation. This study evaluated a novel approach to driver rehabilitation-specifically, empathy induction as a means of changing attitudes towards risky driving. To assess the effectiveness of this method, the present study employed functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to compare brain function before and after a short program of empathy induction in 27 drivers whose licenses had been revoked after serious traffic offences (rehabilitated drivers [RDs]). In an extension of our previous research, we first assessed whether neural responses to empathy-eliciting social stimuli changed in these RDs. In order to isolate the neurophysiological effects of empathy induction from any other potential influences, we compared these RDs to a sample of 27 age-, handedness- and driving experience-matched control drivers (CDs) who had no exposure to the program. We then performed dual-fMRI "hyperscanning" to evaluate whether empathy induction changed brain responses during real-world social interactions among drivers; namely, during co-operative and/or competitive exchanges. Our data reveal that RDs exhibited weaker brain responses to socio-emotional stimuli compared with CDs prior to the program, but this difference was reversed after empathy induction. Moreover, we observed differences between pre- and post-program assessments in patterns of brain responses in RDs elicited during competitive social exchanges, which we interpret to reflect a change in their proclivity to react to the perceived wrong-doing of other road users. Together, these findings suggest that empathy induction is an effective form of driver rehabilitation, and the utility of neuroscientific techniques for evaluating and improving rehabilitation programs

S66: A Well-balanced Database of Benchmark Interaction Energies Relevant to Biomolecular Structures

With numerous new quantum chemistry methods being developed in recent years and the promise of even more new methods to be developed in the near future, it is clearly critical that highly accurate, well-balanced, reference data for many different atomic and molecular properties be available for the parametrization and validation of these methods. One area of research that is of particular importance in many areas of chemistry, biology, and material science is the study of noncovalent interactions. Because these interactions are often strongly influenced by correlation effects, it is necessary to use computationally expensive high-order wave function methods to describe them accurately. Here, we present a large new database of interaction energies calculated using an accurate CCSD(T)/CBS scheme. Data are presented for 66 molecular complexes, at their reference equilibrium geometries and at 8 points systematically exploring their dissociation curves; in total, the database contains 594 points: 66 at equilibrium geometries, and 528 in dissociation curves. The data set is designed to cover the most common types of noncovalent interactions in biomolecules, while keeping a balanced representation of dispersion and electrostatic contributions. The data set is therefore well suited for testing and development of methods applicable to bioorganic systems. In addition to the benchmark CCSD(T) results, we also provide decompositions of the interaction energies by means of DFT-SAPT calculations. The data set was used to test several correlated QM methods, including those parametrized specifically for noncovalent interactions. Among these, the SCS-MI-CCSD method outperforms all other tested methods, with a root-mean-square error of 0.08 kcal/mol for the S66 data set

Flow experience by sportsmen and internet users

This study concern on flow experience of people, who are interested in sports and web using. Design of the study is quantitative, questionnaire method with 516 respondents. These questionnairies were published on internet web sites. Comparison of these two groups were made on 9 dimensions of flow experience according to the components flow theory by Jackson, Csikszentmihalyi, 1999. We have used FSS - 2 method (flow state scale). We have also concerned on global self esteem. We have measured this by self valueing scale - Rosenberg. We have also verified which flow experience model fits better (channel model or classic model of flow). In results, we have found strong correlation of relationships between global self-esteem and flow experience among the groups. We have also noticed more intensive flow experience in the group of sportsmen

Využití dřeva v historii na příkladu vybraného souboru výrobků Muzea vesnice jihovýchodní Moravy ve Strážnici

Use of wood in history at the example of a selected group of products Village Museum of Southeast Moravia in Strážnice. The aim of the study was to determine the species, of which they made historic objects, determine the frequency representation of individual species and compared with the literature. The samples were divided into four groups, the first group contains furniture products, the second of the products in the third group includes the container and the last transport aids. Of the selected subjects were sampled in the form of chips on unseen places or from the inside. Some of the samples were determined on site, using macroscopic features, the remaining samples were then processed and determined in the laboratory using a light microscope. Altogether, 391 samples were processed from 129 products. Altogether, 17 tree species were identified, the most common trees used for selected products were fir, spruce and oak. Among other things, fruit trees (walnut and plum) were also identified, which were used only for two parts of products. When comparing the results with both current and historical literary sources, it has been found that much of the product matches both the literature and the wide range of woody species that have been identified

Řidičské styly: Klasifikace, metody výzkumu a specifika mladých řidičů

Lidský faktor je zásadní proměnnou ovlivňující bezpečnost silničního provozu. Důležitou součástí toho, jak se lidský faktor v silničním provozu projevuje, je styl, jakým řidič řídí své vozidlo. V tomto článku shrnujeme výzkum týkající se řidičských stylů mladých řidičů. Zabýváme se metodami, kterými se řidičské styly zkoumají, jako jsou např. metodyNaturalistic Driving studies. Dále popisujeme typologii řidičských stylů podle Taubman-Ben-Ari a rozebíráme souvislosti několika stylů – agresivního, bezpečného a úzkostného. V poslední části se zabýváme specifiky stylů řízení u mladých řidičů a vlivu rodičů na jejich řidičské chování. Velmi mladí řidiči mají tendenci k rizikovému chování při řízení. Tito řidiči často přejímají styl řízení od svých rodičů. Výzkum řidičských stylů a úprava asistenčních systémů vozidla tak, aby se těmto stylům přizpůsobily, může pomoci ke zvýšení bezpečnosti v dopravě a snížení emisí a celkového dopadu dopravy na životní prostředí

THE SPEED BEHAVIOR OF CZECH PROFESSIONAL DRIVERS ACCORDING TO ORDINARY VS. VARIABLE SPEED LIMIT SIGNS: AN ON-ROAD AND DRIVING SIMULATION-BASED COMPARISON

Using the speed of professional truck drivers, the effectiveness of speed limit signs was compared for 1) a temporary variable-message sign that uses LED technology and displays the current speed limit (hereinafter “VSL sign”) and 2) a normal vertical road sign with retroreflective sheeting (hereinafter “ordinary sign”). Measurements were made at two locations in the Czech Republic. Each location provided a different scenario with a different displayed speed limit on both types of signs (60 kph or 80kph). Similar measurements were made in a driving simulation. Drivers were more likely to slow down in the presence of a VSL sign than in the presence of an ordinary sign on a real road, however, no differences were found in the driving simulation. The overall results indicate that VSL signs seem to be respected more than ordinary signs in reducing professional truck drivers’ speed. Therefore, VSL signs may be beneficial as a part of a telematic system and in places with high accident risk